Solid State

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1) Solid State – Key Points Particles are closely packed and intermolecular forces are very strong. Particles can only vibrate about their mean positions....

Environmental Chemistry 

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1) Basic Definitions Pollutant: Any substance present in the environment in harmful concentration. Environmental pollution: Contamination of environment due to...

Hydrocarbons

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1) Hydrocarbons – Classification Hydrocarbons: Organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen. Saturated: Alkanes (single bonds) Unsaturated: Alkenes...

ISOMERISM

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Definition Organic compounds having the same molecular formula but different physical or chemical properties are called isomers. The phenomenon is called...

Organic Reaction Mechanism 

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1) Reaction Mechanism – Basic Terms Substrate: Part of reactant which is under attack. Reagent: Part of reactant which attacks the substrate. Mechanism:...

General Organic Chemistry (GOC) 

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1) Basics of Organic Chemistry Organic compounds: hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Vital force theory: Organic compounds formed only in living systems...

IUPAC Nomenclature

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1) Quick Basics (GOC Context) Organic compounds: hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Types: Aliphatic (open chain) and Cyclic (ring chain). Saturated: only...

P-Block Elements

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1) Position in Periodic Table P-Block elements belong to Groups 13 to 18 General electronic configuration: ns² np¹–⁶ Includes metals, metalloids and...

S-Block Elements

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1) Position in Periodic Table Group 1: Alkali metals – Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Group 2: Alkaline earth metals – Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Valence shell...

Hydrogen

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1) Unique Position of Hydrogen Electronic configuration: 1s¹ Shows resemblance with alkali metals and halogens Can lose or gain one electron Acts as...

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